# Divide and Conquer

## Master Theory

### Form1

The recurrence $$T(N) = aT(N/b) + f(N)$$ can be solved as follows:

1. If $$af(N/b) = Kf(N)$$ for some constant $$K<1$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(f(N))$$
2. If $$af(N/b) = Kf(N)$$ for some constant $$K>1$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(N^{log_{b}{a}})$$
3. If $$af(N/b) = f(N)$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(f(N)log_b{N})$$

### Form2

The recurrence $$T(N)=aT(N/b) + \Theta(N^k\log^p{N})$$ where $$a\ge 1, b> 1, p\ge 0$$

1. $$T(N)=O(N^{\log_b{a}})$$, if $$a>b^k$$
2. $$T(N)=O(N^k\log^{p+1}{N})$$, if $$a=b^k$$
3. $$T(N)=O(N^k\log^{p}{N})$$, if $$a<b^k$$

### Form3

The recurrence $$T(N)=aT(N/b)+f(N)$$

1. If $$f(N)=O(N^{\log_b^{a-\epsilon}})$$ for some constant $$\epsilon>0$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(N^{\log_b{a}})$$
2. If $$f(N)=\Theta(N^{\log_b{a}})$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(N^{\log_b{a}}\log{N})$$
3. If $$f(N)=\Omega(N^{\log_{b}{a+\epsilon}})$$, for some constant $$\epsilon>0$$, and if $$af(N/b)<cf(N)$$ for some constant $$c<1$$ and all sufficiently large $$N$$, then $$T(N)=\Theta(f(N))$$

## Special case

\begin{aligned} &let\ N = 2^m\\ &thus\ T(N)=2T(\sqrt{N})+\log{N}\to T(2^m)=T(2^{\frac{m}{2}})+m\\ &let\ G(m)=T(2^m)\\ &thus\ G(m)=G(m/2)+m \to G(m)=m\log{m}=\log{n}\log\log{n} \end{aligned}