Relational Model

基本结构

• 一张表对应一个关系(relation)，行对应元组(tuple)，列对应属性(attribute)
• 码 key
  • Let \(K \subseteq R\)
  • \(K\) is a superkey of \(R\) is values for \(K\) are sufficient to identify a unique tuple of each possible relation
  • \(K\) is a condidate key is \(K\) is minial superkey
  • \(K\) is a primary key, if K is a candidate key and is defined by user explicitly
  • Foreign key Assume there exists relations \(r\) and \(s\): \(r(A,B,C)\), \(s(B,D)\), we can say that attribute \(B\) in relation \(r\) is foreign key referencing \(s\), and \(r\) is a referencing relation, and \(s\) is a referenced relation.

关系代数

关系代数是Relational Model的数学基础，详见Relational algebra

SQL

SQL：结构化查询语言，分为DDL,DML,DCL几种类型，详见SQL